What is Gum Disease?
Do you know that at least half of the Malaysian population is suffering from gum disease? The cause of gum disease is the bacterial biofilm in the yellowish, sticky plaque that form along the gum line. Meanwhile, other factors can influence its progression to more severe form. At this time, gum disease can be divided to gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is the milder form of gum disease. It causes the gum to become reddish, swollen and bleed easily. No bone loss occurs at surrounding the tooth. At this stage, it is reversible if dental plaque/tartar are removed and maintaining good oral hygiene.
Periodontitis
If left untreated, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis. The toxin substance produced by bacteria in the tartar can trigger chronic inflammatory response. This will lead to irreversible bone loss and gingival recession. Deep pockets between the gum and teeth are formed and accumulate plaque.
In the extreme cases, the bone loss is so severe that the tooth becomes loose and eventually has to be removed.
Risk Factors
Some local factor and general health condition can affect the gum disease progression :
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Poor oral hygiene
- Stress
- Genetic predisposition
- Crowded teeth
- Underlying immunodeficiencies. Eg: AIDS
- Overhanging filling
- Dry mouth
Signs of Gum Problem
Several signs and symptoms can indicate that you are suffering from gum diseases. If you experience these, please visit us for a detailed periodontal examination.
- Bleeding gum
- Loose tooth
- Gum recession
- Sensitive teeth to hot/cold
- Bad breath
Gum Treatment
Gingivitis can be controlled by maintaining good oral hygiene (brushing and flossing) and regular professional scaling.
Periodontitis often require comprehensive periodontal examination and localized deep cleaning at affected sites. Firstly, our dentists will carry out root surface debridement to remove tartar formed deep below gum line. If pocketing still persist, periodontal surgery might be performed to eliminate these stubborn tartar and obstructing factor to facilitate daily cleaning. If the condition is favorable, the lost bone and gum can be regenerate through bone grafting (guided tissue regeneration).
